Laparoscopic cystectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to remove an ovarian cyst while preserving healthy ovarian tissue, wherever possible. The procedure is performed using a laparoscope (a thin telescope-like instrument with a camera) and specialised surgical instruments inserted through small incisions in the abdomen, avoiding the need for a large open incision.

The suitability of laparoscopic cystectomy depends on several individual factors, including the size, type, and location of the cyst, whether the cyst appears benign or suspicious, previous abdominal or pelvic surgeries, overall health, and the patient’s fertility goals.

When is Laparoscopic Cystectomy Considered?

Laparoscopic cystectomy may be considered for women with conditions such as:

• Persistent or enlarging ovarian cysts that do not resolve on their own.
• Cysts causing pain, pressure, or discomfort.
• Endometriotic (chocolate) cysts.
• Dermoid cysts.
• Functional cysts that fail to respond to conservative management.
• Cysts requiring removal to confirm diagnosis or rule out malignancy.

Before recommending the procedure, the doctor may evaluate:

• The size, appearance, and characteristics of the cyst on ultrasound or other imaging.
• Relevant blood tests or tumour markers, where applicable.
• The likelihood of the cyst being benign or requiring further evaluation.
• Previous abdominal or pelvic surgical history.
• Overall health and fitness for surgery.
• The patient’s age, fertility goals, and desire to preserve ovarian function.

A detailed evaluation helps determine whether laparoscopic cystectomy is a suitable and safe option compared to other approaches.

What Happens During Laparoscopic Cystectomy?

Before the procedure, the doctor reviews the patient’s medical history and relevant imaging or test results to assess the cyst. The procedure is performed under general anaesthesia.

During surgery, a few small incisions are made in the abdomen, through which a laparoscope and specialised instruments are inserted. The cyst is carefully separated from the surrounding healthy ovarian tissue and removed, with an effort made to preserve as much normal ovarian tissue as possible. The specimen is typically placed in a retrieval bag and removed through one of the small incisions to minimise spillage.

The exact surgical technique depends on the size, type, and location of the cyst, as well as the surgeon’s clinical assessment.

Recovery After Laparoscopic Cystectomy

Recovery after laparoscopic cystectomy is generally quick, owing to the small incisions involved. Patients are generally advised to follow their doctor’s postoperative instructions carefully.

Important aspects of recovery may include:

• Keeping the small incision sites clean and following wound-care instructions.
• Taking prescribed medications for pain relief and infection prevention.
• Gradually resuming daily activities while avoiding heavy lifting or strenuous exertion.
• Attending scheduled follow-up appointments, including any recommended imaging.
• Discussing when it is appropriate to resume sexual activity and, if relevant, attempts at pregnancy.

Your doctor will provide personalised guidance based on your recovery and overall health.

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